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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusPredicted
Creation Date2021-03-31 19:49:10 UTC
Update Date2022-10-24 19:45:26 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0241803
Secondary Accession NumbersNone
Metabolite Identification
Common Name9-(3,4-Dimethyl-5-pentylfuran-2-yl)nonanoylcarnitine
Description9-(3,4-dimethyl-5-pentylfuran-2-yl)nonanoylcarnitine is an acylcarnitine. More specifically, it is an 9-(3,4-dimethyl-5-pentylfuran-2-yl)nonanoic acid ester of carnitine. Acylcarnitines were first discovered more than 70 year ago (PMID: 13825279 ). It is believed that there are more than 1000 types of acylcarnitines in the human body. The general role of acylcarnitines is to transport acyl-groups (organic acids and fatty acids) from the cytoplasm into the mitochondria so that they can be broken down to produce energy. This process is known as beta-oxidation. According to a recent review (PMID: 35710135 ), acylcarnitines (ACs) can be classified into 9 different categories depending on the type and size of their acyl-group: 1) short-chain ACs; 2) medium-chain ACs; 3) long-chain ACs; 4) very long-chain ACs; 5) hydroxy ACs; 6) branched chain ACs; 7) unsaturated ACs; 8) dicarboxylic ACs and 9) miscellaneous ACs. Short-chain ACs have acyl-groups with two to five carbons (C2-C5), medium-chain ACs have acyl-groups with six to thirteen carbons (C6-C13), long-chain ACs have acyl-groups with fourteen to twenty once carbons (C14-C21) and very long-chain ACs have acyl groups with more than 22 carbons. 9-(3,4-dimethyl-5-pentylfuran-2-yl)nonanoylcarnitine is therefore classified as a long chain AC. As a long-chain acylcarnitine 9-(3,4-dimethyl-5-pentylfuran-2-yl)nonanoylcarnitine is generally formed through esterification with long-chain fatty acids obtained from the diet. The main function of most long-chain acylcarnitines is to ensure long chain fatty acid transport into the mitochondria (PMID: 22804748 ). Altered levels of long-chain acylcarnitines can serve as useful markers for inherited disorders of long-chain fatty acid metabolism. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT I, EC:2.3.1.21) is involved in the synthesis of long-chain acylcarnitines (more than C12) on the mitochondrial outer membrane. Elevated serum/plasma levels of long-chain acylcarnitines are not only markers for incomplete FA oxidation but also are indicators of altered carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. High serum concentrations of long-chain acylcarnitines in the postprandial or fed state are markers of insulin resistance and arise from insulin's inability to inhibit CPT-1-dependent fatty acid metabolism in muscles and the heart (PMID: 19073774 ). Increased intracellular content of long-chain acylcarnitines is thought to serve as a feedback inhibition mechanism of insulin action (PMID: 23258903 ). In healthy subjects, increased concentrations of insulin effectively inhibits long-chain acylcarnitine production. Several studies have also found increased levels of circulating long-chain acylcarnitines in chronic heart failure patients (PMID: 26796394 ). The study of acylcarnitines is an active area of research and it is likely that many novel acylcarnitines will be discovered in the coming years. It is also likely that many novel roles in health and disease will be uncovered. An excellent review of the current state of knowledge for acylcarnitines is available (PMID: 35710135 ).
Structure
Data?1621796704
SynonymsNot Available
Chemical FormulaC27H47NO5
Average Molecular Weight465.675
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight465.345423617
IUPAC Name3-{[9-(3,4-dimethyl-5-pentylfuran-2-yl)nonanoyl]oxy}-4-(trimethylazaniumyl)butanoate
Traditional Name3-{[9-(3,4-dimethyl-5-pentylfuran-2-yl)nonanoyl]oxy}-4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate
CAS Registry NumberNot Available
SMILES
CCCCCC1=C(C)C(C)=C(CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(CC([O-])=O)C[N+](C)(C)C)O1
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C27H47NO5/c1-7-8-13-16-24-21(2)22(3)25(33-24)17-14-11-9-10-12-15-18-27(31)32-23(19-26(29)30)20-28(4,5)6/h23H,7-20H2,1-6H3
InChI KeyHGMOYXUZWHDRLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as acyl carnitines. These are organic compounds containing a fatty acid with the carboxylic acid attached to carnitine through an ester bond.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassFatty Acyls
Sub ClassFatty acid esters
Direct ParentAcyl carnitines
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Acyl-carnitine
  • Furanoid fatty acid
  • Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Tetraalkylammonium salt
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Quaternary ammonium salt
  • Furan
  • Carboxylic acid salt
  • Carboxylic acid ester
  • Oxacycle
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic salt
  • Organic zwitterion
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Amine
  • Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteromonocyclic compounds
External DescriptorsNot Available
Ontology
Physiological effect
Disposition
ProcessNot Available
Role
Physical Properties
StateNot Available
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
logP2.49ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Acidic)4.22ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-2.6ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count3ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count0ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area79.57 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count19ChemAxon
Refractivity155.67 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability57.05 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings1ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DeepCCS[M+H]+221.98730932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-218.72730932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-252.97830932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+229.48530932474

Predicted Retention Times

Underivatized

Chromatographic MethodRetention TimeReference
Measured using a Waters Acquity ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) ethylene-bridged hybrid (BEH) C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm; 1.7 μmparticle diameter). Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022.7.88 minutes32390414
Predicted by Siyang on May 30, 202223.2223 minutes33406817
Predicted by Siyang using ReTip algorithm on June 8, 20222.57 minutes32390414
Fem_Long = Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid2692.2 seconds40023050
Fem_Lipids = Ascentis Express C18 with (60:40 water:ACN):(90:10 IPA:ACN) and 10mM NH4COOH + 0.1% Formic Acid340.0 seconds40023050
Life_Old = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:(20:80 acetone:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid272.6 seconds40023050
Life_New = RP Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:(30:70 MeOH:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid199.6 seconds40023050
RIKEN = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid501.3 seconds40023050
Eawag_XBridgeC18 = XBridge C18 3.5u 2.1x50 mm with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid946.4 seconds40023050
BfG_NTS_RP1 =Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (2.1 mm x 150 mm, 3.5 um) with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid1032.1 seconds40023050
HILIC_BDD_2 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN(0.1% formic acid):water(16 mM ammonium formate)176.2 seconds40023050
UniToyama_Atlantis = RP Waters Atlantis T3 (2.1 x 150 mm, 5 um) with ACN:Water and 0.1% Formic Acid2451.9 seconds40023050
BDD_C18 = Hypersil Gold 1.9µm C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid716.7 seconds40023050
UFZ_Phenomenex = Kinetex Core-Shell C18 2.6 um, 3.0 x 100 mm, Phenomenex with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid2728.1 seconds40023050
SNU_RIKEN_POS = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid542.3 seconds40023050
RPMMFDA = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid538.4 seconds40023050
MTBLS87 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water and :ammonium carbonate206.1 seconds40023050
KI_GIAR_zic_HILIC_pH2_7 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN:Water and 0.1% FA142.1 seconds40023050
Meister zic-pHILIC pH9.3 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water 5mM NH4Ac pH9.3 and 5mM ammonium acetate in water8.7 seconds40023050

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
9-(3,4-Dimethyl-5-pentylfuran-2-yl)nonanoylcarnitineCCCCCC1=C(C)C(C)=C(CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(CC([O-])=O)C[N+](C)(C)C)O13274.1Standard polar33892256
9-(3,4-Dimethyl-5-pentylfuran-2-yl)nonanoylcarnitineCCCCCC1=C(C)C(C)=C(CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(CC([O-])=O)C[N+](C)(C)C)O12686.3Standard non polar33892256
9-(3,4-Dimethyl-5-pentylfuran-2-yl)nonanoylcarnitineCCCCCC1=C(C)C(C)=C(CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(CC([O-])=O)C[N+](C)(C)C)O13060.8Semi standard non polar33892256
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - 9-(3,4-Dimethyl-5-pentylfuran-2-yl)nonanoylcarnitine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 9-(3,4-Dimethyl-5-pentylfuran-2-yl)nonanoylcarnitine 10V, Positive-QTOFNot Available2021-04-06Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 9-(3,4-Dimethyl-5-pentylfuran-2-yl)nonanoylcarnitine 20V, Positive-QTOFNot Available2021-04-06Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 9-(3,4-Dimethyl-5-pentylfuran-2-yl)nonanoylcarnitine 40V, Positive-QTOFNot Available2021-04-06Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 9-(3,4-Dimethyl-5-pentylfuran-2-yl)nonanoylcarnitine 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-014i-0000900000-60995b9549c22bf85ecf2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 9-(3,4-Dimethyl-5-pentylfuran-2-yl)nonanoylcarnitine 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-00kr-9000500000-61947bd011c5551fe9272021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 9-(3,4-Dimethyl-5-pentylfuran-2-yl)nonanoylcarnitine 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-000i-9000000000-e9262cbaff8cb4ad0ba62021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular LocationsNot Available
Biospecimen LocationsNot Available
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
Not Available
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider IDNot Available
KEGG Compound IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkNot Available
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound156962824
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI IDNot Available
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Blazenovic I, Kind T, Sa MR, Ji J, Vaniya A, Wancewicz B, Roberts BS, Torbasinovic H, Lee T, Mehta SS, Showalter MR, Song H, Kwok J, Jahn D, Kim J, Fiehn O: Structure Annotation of All Mass Spectra in Untargeted Metabolomics. Anal Chem. 2019 Feb 5;91(3):2155-2162. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b04698. Epub 2019 Jan 16. [PubMed:30608141 ]
  2. FRITZ IB: Action of carnitine on long chain fatty acid oxidation by liver. Am J Physiol. 1959 Aug;197:297-304. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1959.197.2.297. [PubMed:13825279 ]
  3. Reuter SE, Evans AM: Carnitine and acylcarnitines: pharmacokinetic, pharmacological and clinical aspects. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2012 Sep 1;51(9):553-72. doi: 10.1007/BF03261931. [PubMed:22804748 ]
  4. Bruce CR, Hoy AJ, Turner N, Watt MJ, Allen TL, Carpenter K, Cooney GJ, Febbraio MA, Kraegen EW: Overexpression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 in skeletal muscle is sufficient to enhance fatty acid oxidation and improve high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance. Diabetes. 2009 Mar;58(3):550-8. doi: 10.2337/db08-1078. Epub 2008 Dec 10. [PubMed:19073774 ]
  5. Schooneman MG, Vaz FM, Houten SM, Soeters MR: Acylcarnitines: reflecting or inflicting insulin resistance? Diabetes. 2013 Jan;62(1):1-8. doi: 10.2337/db12-0466. [PubMed:23258903 ]
  6. Ahmad T, Kelly JP, McGarrah RW, Hellkamp AS, Fiuzat M, Testani JM, Wang TS, Verma A, Samsky MD, Donahue MP, Ilkayeva OR, Bowles DE, Patel CB, Milano CA, Rogers JG, Felker GM, O'Connor CM, Shah SH, Kraus WE: Prognostic Implications of Long-Chain Acylcarnitines in Heart Failure and Reversibility With Mechanical Circulatory Support. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016 Jan 26;67(3):291-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.10.079. [PubMed:26796394 ]
  7. Yu D, Zhou L, Xuan Q, Wang L, Zhao X, Lu X, Xu G: Strategy for Comprehensive Identification of Acylcarnitines Based on Liquid Chromatography-High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem. 2018 May 1;90(9):5712-5718. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b05471. Epub 2018 Apr 20. [PubMed:29651844 ]
  8. Yan X, Markey SP, Marupaka R, Dong Q, Cooper BT, Mirokhin YA, Wallace WE, Stein SE: Mass Spectral Library of Acylcarnitines Derived from Human Urine. Anal Chem. 2020 May 5;92(9):6521-6528. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00129. Epub 2020 Apr 23. [PubMed:32271007 ]
  9. Zuniga A, Li L: Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry for comprehensive analysis of urinary acylcarnitines. Anal Chim Acta. 2011 Mar 9;689(1):77-84. doi: 10.1016/j.aca.2011.01.018. Epub 2011 Jan 18. [PubMed:21338760 ]
  10. Dambrova M, Makrecka-Kuka M, Kuka J, Vilskersts R, Nordberg D, Attwood MM, Smesny S, Sen ZD, Guo AC, Oler E, Tian S, Zheng J, Wishart DS, Liepinsh E, Schioth HB: Acylcarnitines: Nomenclature, Biomarkers, Therapeutic Potential, Drug Targets, and Clinical Trials. Pharmacol Rev. 2022 Jul;74(3):506-551. doi: 10.1124/pharmrev.121.000408. [PubMed:35710135 ]